Tiger Reserves

Tiger reserves are crucial sanctuaries established to conserve the majestic Tiger (Panthera tigris), a vital part of India’s ecological heritage. Recognizing the dwindling tiger population, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, was amended in 2006 to establish the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and empower states to notify areas as Tiger reserves. These reserves go beyond mere protection, aiming to foster the well-being of tigers and their prey base, while also considering the needs of local communities. Kerala is home to two prominent tiger reserves : Periyar and Parambikulam.

	Periyar Tiger Reserve	Parambikulam Tiger Reserve
PA Notification Year	1978-1979	–
TR Notification Year	2007	2009
Core Area(sq km)	881	390.89
Notification	G.O(P) No. 75/07/F&WLD dt.31/12/2007. Area of Goodrickal range handed over vide G.O(MS)88/2010/F&WLD dt.23/12/2010	G.O(P)No.53/2009/F&WLD dated 16/12/2009
Buffer Area (Sq. Km)	44	252.77
Notification	G.O(P)No.18/2011/F&W LD dt.22/03/2011	G.O(P)No 54/09/F&W LD dated 17/12/2009
Total Area (Sq. Km)	925	643.66

Responsible Tourism in Tiger Reserves:

While the primary objective of tiger reserves lies in conservation, regulated tourism plays a crucial role in generating awareness, fostering public support and contributing to the economic well-being of local communities. However, responsible tourism practices are paramount to ensure minimal impact on the delicate ecological balance within these protected areas.

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) outlines a set of comprehensive guidelines for tourism activities in tiger reserves. These guidelines prioritize:

• Minimizing area usage: Only designated areas within the buffer zone, not exceeding 20% of the total area, are permitted for tourism activities. This ensures the core habitat, crucial for tiger survival, remains free from human disturbance.
• Low-impact activities: Eco-tourism activities like jeep safaris, nature walks and bird watching are encouraged, while activities causing noise, pollution or disruption to wildlife are strictly prohibited.
• Responsible conduct: Tourists are expected to adhere to designated routes, maintain a respectful distance from wildlife and avoid littering or disturbing the natural